The entire installation will fail, and looking into the summary log file reveils an issue installing Microsoft Visual C++ 2015 Redistributable. This is thoroughly described in a StackExchange question (link), but the solution details differ in various situations according to the comments. The solution given in the Microsoft CSS SQL Server Engineers blog entry (link) gives another solution on repairing the Visual C++ 2015 Redistributable that did not work in my case as the component was not installed.
The existing Visual C++ 2017 Redistributable was version 14.16.27012.6 where the link in the StackOverflow answer goes to 14.11.25325.0. The latest version can be found through the support article 2977003 (link). Today the given version is 14.16.27027.1. The version is shown in the file details:
The name of the installation file is always "VC_redist.x64.exe".
After removing the two Visual C++ 2017 Redistributable installations the SQL Server installation completes with success - partly.
I am actually not using the failed components, but this will be fixed later in this text with a update.
After the SQL Server 2017 installation Visual C++ 2015 Redistributable is on the computer in both x86 and x64.
Installing Visual C++ 2017 Redistributable requires a computer restart on both x64 and x86 installations. This gives two restarts.
After all this SQL Server 2017 runs nice.
And then the latest CU can be installed. I notice that the CU installation also updates the two shared features that failed in the SQL Server 2017 installation above.
The update completes with success. Please notice that a final reboot is required as mentioned in the summary log file:
Instance SSDB2017 overall summary:
Final result: Passed but reboot required, see logs for details
Exit code (Decimal): 3010
...This is not raised in the GUI.
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